Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming more pertinent throughout the U.S., with 16% of new car sales in 2023. As millions cruise on roadways alongside their gas-powered counterparts, the majority of the U.S. is still new to electrification and the different types of EVs on the market. In fact, there are four main types of electric vehicles each with its own charging requirements. This quick-reference guide outlines the different types of EVs on the market, how to charge them, and what you should know before heading to the showroom.
Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
Also known as “all-electric vehicles”, BEVs are powered and fueled by electricity only. The “fuel” comes from your domestic electricity supply or a commercial EV station, and the drivetrain is 100% battery-powered.
There are roughly 2.4 million BEVs on U.S. roads. As a result, they tend to have a distinctive, slightly futuristic look that sets them apart from conventional vehicles, they drive silently, and handle much more responsively. They don’t even use power when stuck in traffic.
Earlier BEVs had a range of around 100 miles on a single charge, but today’s models can comfortably stretch to 300 miles via a 60-100 kWh battery pack.
However, since BEVs rely solely on the amount of stored electricity in their batteries, they require charging infrastructure to make long-distance travel possible.
Because they have 90% fewer moving parts than internal combustion engine vehicles, BEVs are the most fuel-efficient and affordable vehicles to maintain of all. The cost of BEVs can range from $30,000 – $100,000. While that is a very steep spread, popular vehicles like Tesla or the Chevy Bolt start under $40,000. Some electric vehicles even qualify for federal tax credits, worth up to $7,500, but these depend on satisfying critical mineral and battery component criteria.
Take a look at the graph below to see the battery size and driving range for some battery electric vehicles available today.
